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QFN-24 · BQ24295
Texas Instruments · QFN-24 · Li-ion Switch-Mode Battery Charger
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The BQ24295 is Texas Instruments' I2C-controlled single-cell lithium-ion switch-mode charger with Narrow VDC power-path management, and it is the part inside a great many tablet-class and premium handheld products. The core is a 1.5 MHz synchronous buck with both power MOSFETs on chip (39 mΩ high-side, 61 mΩ low-side, plus a 28 mΩ reverse-blocking FET and a 24 mΩ to 28 mΩ battery FET), which is why efficiency reaches 90% at 3 A and the package stays cool where a linear charger would not. Input is a 3.9 V to 6.2 V USB source with 6.4 V typical over-voltage protection, BC1.2 D+/D- adapter detection and non-standard 1 A and 2 A adapter recognition, and the input current limit is programmable in eight steps from 100 mA to 3 A — so the same silicon serves a USB 2.0 host port, a USB 3.0 port and a 2 A wall adapter without hardware changes.
Charging parameters are all register-programmable: fast-charge current from 512 mA to 3,008 mA in 64 mA steps (default 1,024 mA), charge-voltage regulation from 3.504 V to 4.400 V in 16 mV steps with ±0.5% accuracy (default 4.208 V), pre-charge and termination currents from 128 mA to 2,048 mA, and battery LOWV thresholds at 2.8 V or 3.0 V that select trickle or pre-charge behaviour. Accuracy is the reason designs move from a TP4056 to this device: charge voltage regulation is ±0.5% versus ±1.5% on a linear charger, fast-charge current regulation is ±4% at 25 °C and ±7% over temperature, and input current regulation is ±7.5%. The TS pin implements full battery-temperature qualification with configurable JEITA-style windows, suspending or reducing charge when the NTC leaves the range, and a safety timer plus battery OVP at 104% of the regulation voltage guard against cell faults.
Power path management is what makes it a system charger rather than just a charger. NVDC holds SYS slightly above battery voltage but never below the programmable VSYSMIN (3.5 V default), so the system powers up instantly even with a deeply discharged or missing battery; when the adapter cannot supply both loads, the battery FET turns on and the pack supplements the rail like an ideal diode with a 30 mV forward drop. Boost mode runs the same converter backwards to generate a programmable 4.55 V to 5.5 V (default 5.1 V) at 1.5 A minimum on PMID for OTG, starting in 22 ms typical at about 90% efficiency. Ship mode via the BATFET cuts battery drain to 16 µA to 20 µA, and leakage with the FET enabled is 32 µA to 55 µA — figures that matter for products sitting in a warehouse for a year.
Control and diagnostics run over I2C at address 0x6B with an INT open-drain output and a STAT pin that blinks at 1 Hz on faults, so firmware can read charge state, fault registers (input source OVP, thermal, battery OVP, safety timer, boost faults) and reconfigure on the fly. The package is a 24-pin VQFN with exposed thermal pad, 32.2 °C/W junction-to-ambient, rated -40 °C to 85 °C free air with a 150 °C junction limit. Layout follows the usual 1.5 MHz rules: a 2.2 µH inductor rated above ICHG plus half the ripple current, 20 µF minimum on PMID, 10 µF on BAT and SYS, 0.047 µF bootstrap from SW to BTST, and a star connection between power and analogue grounds at the pad. Sourcing: TI's authorised channel is the safe route, and this family is counterfeited less than commodity regulators but remarking of QFN parts is hard to detect visually, so verify by reading the chip ID and revision over I2C. MOQ from our warehouse is 100 pcs loose or 250 pcs per tray, shipping in one to two business days; TI authorised lead time is eight to sixteen weeks.
Order the exact suffix (BQ24295RGET small reel or BQ24295RGER production reel) and confirm the default register values against your firmware before releasing the BOM — a variant substitution that changes the 4.208 V default or the OTG setting will not be caught by the schematic review.
The silicon is the same family; the differences are in defaults and OTG behaviour. The BQ24295 is the I2C-controlled version with configurable registers and a 4.208 V default charge voltage. The BQ24296 targets higher-voltage cells (4.35 V/4.4 V class), the BQ24297 has different default register settings and OTG timing, and the M-suffix variants change boost-mode defaults. Always check the register map's reset values in the datasheet for the exact suffix you order, and never assume firmware written for one variant transfers to another without re-checking VREG and OTG defaults.
Heat and charge time. At 5 V input and 3 A into a 3.7 V cell, a linear charger would dissipate about 4 W — impossible in a handheld — while the BQ24295 dissipates under 0.5 W at 90% efficiency. That is why phones and tablets use switch-mode chargers: they can pull 2 A to 3 A from an adapter without cooking the enclosure, and the 1.5 MHz frequency keeps the inductor to 2.2 µH so the whole solution fits in a few square centimetres. The TP4056 remains the right answer below about 500 mA where cost dominates and heat is acceptable.
Yes, that is the point of NVDC power path. SYS is regulated slightly above battery voltage but never below VSYSMIN (programmable, default 3.5 V), so the system has a stable rail from the adapter even with a deeply discharged or absent pack. When adapter current hits the programmed input limit, the device enters dynamic power management: it reduces charge current first, and if the load still cannot be met, the battery FET turns on and the pack supplements the rail with only about 30 mV of drop. Firmware can read the DPM status bit to know when the adapter is undersized.
Wire a 10 kΩ NTC (103AT-2 class) from TS to ground with a divider from REGN through two resistors, and program the cool, cold, warm and hot thresholds in REG06. In the warm zone the device automatically reduces the charge voltage (typically by 140 mV) and in the cool zone it reduces charge current (typically to 50%), which is how you charge a pack safely from 0 °C to 45 °C without firmware intervention. Grounding TS disables the feature — acceptable for prototyping, not for a shipping product. Place the NTC against the cell, not on the PCB near the inductor.
A 2.2 µH inductor rated for ICHG plus half the ripple current — at 3 A charge that means a 3.5 A to 4 A saturation part with low DCR and a 1.2 mm profile. On PMID, at least 20 µF of ceramic close to the pin; 10 µF on BAT and 10 µF on SYS; 0.047 µF from SW to BTST; and 4.7 µF on REGN, which is also the TS bias rail. Keep the PMID-SW-PGND loop under a few square millimetres and solder the thermal pad with vias to the ground plane, otherwise the 32 °C/W junction-to-ambient figure will not be met at 3 A.
No. It is a single-cell device: charge-voltage regulation tops out at 4.4 V and the BAT and SYS pins are rated to 6 V absolute maximum. For 2S packs use the BQ24707, BQ24650 or BQ25302-class devices; for LiFePO4 (3.6 V float) program VREG down to 3.6 V, which is inside the 3.504 V to 4.4 V range, but verify the pre-charge and termination thresholds suit the chemistry and add cell-level protection externally.
QFN remarking is hard to see, so verify electrically and digitally. Read the vendor, device and revision registers over I2C at address 0x6B — a genuine BQ24295 answers correctly, while remarked or clone die either do not respond or return the wrong ID. Then measure: charge-voltage regulation must sit within ±0.5% of the programmed value, switching frequency near 1.5 MHz on the SW node, and ship-mode battery current near 16 µA to 20 µA with the BATFET disabled. Physically, TI QFNs have laser-etched marking and a uniform pad finish; we X-ray and functionally test samples from every reel.
MOQ is 100 pcs loose for prototyping, one small reel of 250 pcs (BQ24295RGET) for pilot builds, or the 3,000-piece production reel (BQ24295RGER) for volume. Shenzhen stock ships in one to two business days; TI authorised channel lead time is eight to sixteen weeks and longer during allocation, so qualify a footprint-compatible fallback early in the programme.
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