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LQFP-100 · STM32F407VGT6
Active32-bit ARM Cortex-M4 MCU
STM32F407VGT6
STMicroelectronics · LQFP-100 · 32-bit ARM Cortex-M4 MCU
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Overview
The STM32F407VGT6 is the reference part of ST's foundation line and still one of the most-used Cortex-M4 microcontrollers in industrial products. It runs an Arm Cortex-M4F core at up to 168 MHz with a single-precision FPU and full DSP instruction set, backed by ST's Adaptive Real-Time memory accelerator that achieves zero-wait-state flash execution and about 210 DMIPS. Memory is 1 MB of flash plus 192 KB of SRAM, of which 64 KB is core-coupled memory that runs at CPU speed with no bus arbitration - ideal for control-loop state and DSP working buffers. The LQFP-100 package exposes 82 I/O, and the supply range is 1.8 V to 3.6 V across -40 C to +85 C.
Connectivity is what separates the F407 from the F1: a 10/100 Ethernet MAC with MII and RMII plus IEEE-1588 support, USB OTG high-speed with an external ULPI PHY option and a second OTG full-speed port with on-chip PHY, two CAN 2.0B controllers, SDIO for microSD cards, a DCMI camera interface with parallel 8/10/12/14-bit capture, and an FSMC for external SRAM, NOR or parallel displays. Analogue resources include three 12-bit ADCs sampling at up to 2.4 MSPS with triple-interleaved mode, two 12-bit DACs and an internal temperature sensor. There are 17 timers, two of them 32-bit, with complementary PWM and dead-time for motor drive, plus SAI-ready I2S interfaces for audio.
Because the F407VG is the device on the STM32F4 Discovery board and countless clone boards, both demand and counterfeit volume are high. GigaDevice (GD32F407), Geehy (APM32F407) and CKS clone dies are sold with ST marking; they differ in flash wait states, peripheral timing and temperature behaviour. Verify with DBGMCU_IDCODE (DEV_ID 0x0413 for STM32F40x/41x), the flash-size register at 0x1FFF7A22 (1024 KB for the VG), the 96-bit unique ID at 0x1FFF7A10, and an Ethernet/USB functional test. MOQ is one tray (90 pcs) or 100 pcs on cut tape; ST lead times run 8-16 weeks normally, with Shenzhen stock shipping in 1-2 days.
Key Features
- Cortex-M4F at 168 MHz with FPU, DSP and ART accelerator (about 210 DMIPS)
- 1 MB flash and 192 KB SRAM including 64 KB core-coupled memory
- 10/100 Ethernet MAC (MII/RMII, IEEE-1588), USB OTG HS and FS, 2x CAN 2.0B, SDIO
- Three 12-bit ADCs at 2.4 MSPS, two DACs and a DCMI camera interface
- LQFP-100 with 82 I/O, 1.8 V to 3.6 V supply, -40 C to +85 C
Typical Applications
- Industrial HMI panels, PLC modules and gateway devices with Ethernet
- Motor control and drives needing high-resolution PWM plus encoder interfaces
- Audio processing, USB audio devices and DSP front ends
- Machine-vision and camera capture boards using DCMI with an OV2640/OV5640 sensor
- Medical instruments, laboratory automation and precision dataloggers
Specifications
- Core
- ARM Cortex-M4F (FPU + DSP)
- Max Clock
- 168 MHz
- Flash
- 1024 KB
- SRAM
- 192 KB
- Supply Voltage
- 1.8 to 3.6 V
- I/O Lines
- 82
- ADC
- 3x 12-bit, 2.4 MSPS
- Ethernet
- 10/100 MAC (MII/RMII, IEEE-1588)
- Pins
- 100
- RoHS
- Compliant
Procurement Tips
Buy the 1 MB VGT6 rather than the 512 KB VET6 unless cost is critical - the price gap is small, the parts are pin and firmware compatible, and it removes the most common late-stage redesign trigger on Cortex-M4 products: running out of flash.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the difference between STM32F407VGT6 and STM32F407VET6?
Same package, same peripherals, same 168 MHz Cortex-M4F. VGT6 has 1 MB of flash; VET6 has 512 KB. The VG is a drop-in upgrade for the VE, so many buyers standardise on VG to avoid running out of code space. Check the flash-size register at 0x1FFF7A22 if you need to confirm what you received.
How does the STM32F407 compare with the STM32F103 for the same product?
The F103 is a Cortex-M3 at 72 MHz with up to 512 KB flash and 64 KB RAM, no FPU, no Ethernet and 12-bit ADCs at 1 MSPS. The F407 more than doubles the clock, adds an FPU and DSP instructions, quadruples RAM, and adds Ethernet, USB OTG HS, DCMI and SDIO. Move to the F407 when you need floating-point math, TCP/IP or camera capture; stay on the F103 for cost-sensitive control loops.
Can the 64 KB CCM RAM be used like normal SRAM?
Not for everything. Core-coupled memory is attached directly to the D-bus and is not reachable by DMA. It is excellent for stack, control-loop variables and DSP scratch buffers, but you must place DMA buffers (ADC, Ethernet, USB) in the regular 112 KB SRAM. Configure your linker script accordingly or you will see silent corruption.
What is needed to bring up Ethernet on the STM32F407VGT6?
An external PHY (LAN8720A, DP83848, KSZ8081) connected over RMII, a 50 MHz reference clock either generated by the PHY or supplied by the MCU via MCO, correct magnetics and 100-ohm differential pairs, plus the lwIP stack. The F407 MAC handles IEEE-1588 timestamps and DMA descriptors, so firmware work is mostly lwIP configuration and buffer placement in DMA-visible SRAM.
How do I detect counterfeit STM32F407VGT6 parts?
Read DBGMCU_IDCODE (DEV_ID 0x0413), the flash-size register at 0x1FFF7A22 (must report 1024 KB) and the 96-bit unique ID at 0x1FFF7A10, then run functional tests that clones often fail: Ethernet at 100 Mbps full duplex, USB OTG high-speed with a ULPI PHY, ADC timing at 2.4 MSPS and a 168 MHz soak over -40 C to +85 C. Physically verify laser marking, lead finish, package dimensions and consistent date codes across the reel.
What is the MOQ and lead time?
MOQ is one tray (90 pcs) or 100 pcs on cut tape for prototypes; production orders are usually 1,000-5,000 pcs. ST authorised lead time is typically 8-16 weeks and has exceeded 20 weeks during allocation. Shenzhen stock commonly ships in 1-2 business days for up to 5,000 pcs, with C-of-C and lot traceability on request.
Alternatives & Equivalents
STM32F103CBT6
STMicroelectronics
upgrade alternative
STM32H743VIT6
STMicroelectronics
upgrade alternative
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